They are 5 methylcytosine. Pseudouracil. Kiev. The nitrogenous base can be a purine such as adenine (A) and guanine (G), characterized by double-ring structures, or a pyrimidine such as cytosine (C) and thymine (T), characterized by single-ring structures. 4). H OH O CH2 Base Phosphate Ribose OHH 5′ 4′ 1′ 3′ 2′ H A, G, C or U HH H O CH2 Base Phosphate Deoxyribose 5′ OHH 4′ 1′ 3′ 2′ OO O P O– HH DNA Nucleotide RNA Nucleotide A, G, C or T 12. A-form geometry generates a deep, narrow major groove and a shallow, wide minor groove. The two DNA strands are anti-parallel in nature; that is, the 3′ end of one strand faces the 5′ end of the other strand. Unlike DNA, RNA exists as a single stranded molecule Each nucleotide joint with the nucleotide of another strand with the hydrogen bond and other adjacent nucleotides with the phosphodiester bond. The 1’ carbon (said as “the one prime carbon”) is the carbon that will be bonded to the nitrogenous (nucleic acid) base. Krok 1 – 2014 Base(Anatomy) Krok 1 Telegram Group Quiz will load in 5 seconds, if not click on “Start Quiz” Button below.) Many additional types of RNA also exist. This right over here is a different nitrogenous base. Nucleotides consist of a nitrogen-containing base, a five-carbon sugar and one or more phosphate groups. Each base pair is separated from the other base pair by a distance of 0.34 nm (nanometer: 1 x 10-9 meters), and each turn of the helix measures 3.4 nm. In B-DNA, there are 10 base pairs per turn of the helix, each turn sweeping out 3.4 nm (34 A) of linear translation (see Fig. A nucleotide is a structure made up of pentose sugar, a nitrogen-containing base (nitrogenous base) and phosphate. Those are: 1. Each BamHI subunit makes the majority of its backbone contacts with the phosphates of a DNA half site but base pair contacts are made between each BamHI subunit and nitrogenous bases in the major groove of the opposite DNA half site. This right over here is another different nitrogenous base. The DNA double helix has some grooves which are major and minor grooves . This allows DNA molecules to span generations with only minor fixes. Show transcribed image text. RNA nitrogenous bases include adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C) and uracil (U).The five-carbon (pentose) sugar in RNA is ribose. CCytosine G Guanine A Adenosine T Thymine 4 Kinds of Nitrogen Bases Purines Pyrimidines 13. Each nucleotide has three parts: a 5-carbon ribose sugar, a phosphate group and a nitrogenous base. The two forms differ primarily in the positioning of the nitrogenous bases around the axis of the double helix and in the numbers of bases per helical turn. N6 4. One turn of helix contains 10 base pairs and measures around 34 Angstrom units; The double helix is wound in such a way that it has two grooves, a major groove and a minor groove. Alkaloid-containing plants have been used by humans since ancient times for therapeutic and recreational purposes. Notice, this one only has one ring, this one has one ring, this one has two rings. Quiz will load in 5 seconds, if not click on “Start Quiz” Button below. a colorless crystalline compound with basic properties. The two DNA strands are anti-parallel in nature; that is, the 3′ end of one strand faces the 5′ end of the other strand. See the answer. The A and G are purines and the C and T are pyrimidines. DNA is a type of nucleic acid made up of many subunits called nucleotides. (c) Bases occur in random order. N6 dimethyladenine 5. Enzymes that interact with DNA use these grooves to recognize DNA molecules, attach to them, and complete their function. 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